The mineral springs of Royat-Chamalières were known to the Gallo-Romans, as evidenced by the discovery of an ancient shrine filled with ex-votos and the ruins of a bathhouse near the Source-des-Roches spring. These findings suggest that the waters were believed to have healing powers.

The town's history officially began in the 7th century with Count Genesius and his wife Helidia, who, under the guidance of Saint Priest, built monasteries in Royat, Chamalières, and Marsac. This led to the development of medieval villages along the Tiretaine River.

In 1822, the first mineral spring, César spring, was rediscovered, followed by others, including Le Grand Source in 1844. The town’s popularity grew, with a spa establishment built between 1852-1856, visited by Emperor Napoléon III and Empress Eugénie. By the late 19th century, Grand Hotel and Papon Concert Hall were constructed, followed by the Casino Chalet and the Spa park. The railway station, opened in 1881, attracted elite visitors, including the Prince of Wales in 1884.